Booklet: What You Need to Know about Pancreatic Cancer

Possible Causes and Prevention

Scientists across the country are studying pancreatic cancer and trying to learn what causes this disease. The more they can find out about the cause of this disease, the better the chance of finding ways to prevent it.

At this time, scientists do not know exactly what causes cancer of the pancreas, and they can seldom explain why one person gets this disease and another does not. However, it is clear that pancreatic cancer is not contagious; no one can "catch" this disease from another person.

Scientists have learned that some things increase a person's chance of getting this disease. As with most other types of cancer, studies show that the risk of pancreatic cancer increases with age. This disease rarely occurs before age 40; the average age at diagnosis is about 70.

Research also shows that smoking is a risk factor for several types of cancer, including cancer of the pancreas. Cigarette smokers develop this disease two to three times more often than nonsmokers. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of pancreatic, lung, and certain other cancers, as well as a number of other diseases.

Having diabetes is another risk factor for pancreatic cancer. People who have diabetes develop pancreatic cancer about twice as often as people who do not have diabetes.

Research suggests that a person's diet may affect the chances of getting some types of cancer. In several studies, the risk of pancreatic cancer was higher among people whose diet was high in fat and low in fruits and vegetables. Although the possible link between diet and cancer of the pancreas is still under study, some scientists believe that choosing a low-fat diet and eating well-balanced meals with plenty of fruits and vegetables may lower a person's risk.

Some studies suggest that occupational exposure to petroleum and certain chemicals may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. These possible links have not been proven, but workers should follow safety rules provided by their employers.

People who think they may be at risk for pancreatic cancer should discuss this concern with their doctor. The doctor may be able to suggest ways to reduce the risk and can suggest an appropriate schedule of checkups.

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